从雅思高分范文中学习英语写作的逻辑思维！-百宝汇

英语写作的最基本要求是语言流畅，立论清晰，论证有理有据，而这仅靠背单词和学语法是不够的。因为写作是思维逻辑的一种展现形式，如果写作时逻辑混乱就会使得写出来的文章表意不清，不知所云。所以，写好一篇写出清晰严谨的文章，首先要提高逻辑思维能力。这里推荐一家不错的在线外教一对一的美式英语培训英语学习机构，有免费试听课：【http://www.acadsoc.com.cn/lps/lp4.htm?search=350982】，很多人都跟我推荐的这家！

英语是一门极其讲究逻辑形式的语言，一个句子有严格的人称、数、格要求，和严谨的主谓结构；句子间多用关联词语，重视形式的对应和显性衔接；段落间突出衔接和连贯，而不仅是简单的单词语句机械性堆砌，句子之间，段落之间存在严谨的逻辑关系的。
举个例子，这是一篇雅思关于公共交通的高分作文；

We are now really ambivalent about private cars because they, despite contributing greatly to our life, are also the root causes for chains of aftermaths: intensification of congestion, worsening air quality, and even the decrease of public physique. Being afraid that the situation will go further, we are now putting public transportation again in our sights. However, because of some subtle reasons, instancing vanity or self-esteem, some of us turn their backs to accepting short-distance buses or interstate coaches. Thus, several approaches should be adopted to encourage them.

仔细阅读之后会发现，这段文章中的句子之间在逻辑上紧密联系，缺少一个连词都会是文章的语义不连贯。如果句子之间的衔接没做好，缺少该有的练习表示转折或因果关系，写出来的文章会表示不清，毫无逻辑。比如这样，

I go traveling with myt friends. When the new term comes, I will surprisingly find my oral English is much improved. So I firmly believe book is not only the source of knowledge.
为什么这个句子读起来感觉很奇怪？因为句子之间没有逻辑关系：”go traveling ” 与后面的”my oral English is much improved” 并没有必然联系，逻辑上讲不通。

除了句子之间的衔接，段落之间逻辑关系也非常重要。比如还是这篇雅思高分作文，段落的结构非常清晰，开头都有主题句来引领全段，而且段落与段落之间是层层递进的关系。

1. Thus, several approaches should be adopted to encourage them.
2. The re-organization of bus routes and improvement of infrastructure should come first.
3. Another strategy for stirring the public to use public transportation should be related to governmental propaganda and some special services should also be provided aboard.
4. In conclusion, the popularity of public transportation can only be fulfilled by the government and public.

从这篇文章就可以看到，要写出逻辑清晰的文章，要特别注意句子以及段落之间的衔接和连贯，最基本也是最重要的要求就是用好连接词。在写作中常见的连接词有下面几个常用的连接词：
表示罗列增加
First, second, third, First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing … for another…, On (the) one hand…on the other hand,Besides / what’s more / in addition / furthermore / moreover / another / also, Especially / In particular,
表示时间顺序
now, at present, recently,after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days,at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally,immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,
表示解释说明
now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually
表示转折关系
but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all,
表示并列关系
or, and, also, too, not only … but also, as well as, both… and, either …or,neither …nor
表示因果关系
because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to…, due to…, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise, so…that, such…that
表示条件关系
as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless
表示让步关系
though, although, as, even if, even though, whether …or…, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom)
表示举例
for example, for instance, such as…, take… for example
表示比较
be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…just like, just as,
表示目的
for this reason,, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to,
表示强调
in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all,
表示概括归纳
in a word, in short, in brief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated,as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion