一、 第一种题型（谈论文）
1． 观念磕碰题（比照观念选择题）：
大多为三点提纲，提纲方法一般是：有一些人……; 还有人…….; 我的观点或观念
作文题：for this part, you are allowed thirty minutes towrite a composition on the topics is a test of spoken english necessary? the first sentence has already been written for you. you should write at least 100 words, and base your compositionon the outline given in chinese below:
1. 许多人认为有必要举办英语口语考试，理由是…….
2. 也有人持不附和见，……..
3. 我的观点和方案
阐明利害型作文是以某一事物的利益和缺陷为文章的首要内容，究竟以考生的谈论或许观念作为全文的结论。在阐明事物的利害时，大约留心条理性。比方咱们可以运用比照法或是枚举法中的句型来打开短文。在文章的最终一段标明自个的情绪或许观点的时分，最佳也能供给相应的理由或许一些扬长避短的办法来削减事物的负面影响。
这类型的作文的写作可以选用以下的方法：
第一有些：导语。阐明标题中触及的某一事物或表象；
第二有些：利益。例举该事物或表象的利益或活泼要素；（这一有些除了可以独立成段外，也可以与第一有些合为一段，或是与第三有些合为一段）
第三有些：缺陷。可以思考用比照相关词引出该事物或表象的另一面——缺陷或低沉要素；
第四有些：考生的自个领会。权衡利害，论说自个领会或许如何扬长避短的办法。
模板一：
需求论说两个敌对的观念并给出自个的观点。
the topic of ①—————–（主题）is becoming more and more popular recently. there are two sides of opinions of it. some people say a is their favorite. they hold their view for the reason of ②—————–（撑持a的理由一）what is more/plus, ③————-理由二). moreover, ④—————(理由三).
while others think that b is a better choice in the following three reasons.firstly,—————–(撑持b的理由一). secondly (besides),⑥——————（理由二）. thirdly (finally),⑦——————(理由三).
from my point of view, i think ⑧—————-（我的观念）. the reason is that ⑨——————–(缘由). as a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. for me, the former is surely a wise choice.
模板二：
给出一个观念，需求考生对立这一观念
some people believe that ①—————-（观念一）. for example, they think ②—————–（举例阐明）．and it will bring them ③—————–(为他们带来的优点).
in my opinion,i never think this reason can be the point. for one thing,④————-(我不附和该观点的理由一). for another thing, ⑤—————–(对立的理由之二)．
form all what i have said, i agree to the thought that ⑥——————(我对文章所谈论主题的观点)．
模板三：
①different people have quite different views on_____. ②it is held by some people that_____. ③but it is also held by others that _____.
④those who hold the first opinion think that________. ⑤in their view, ______. ⑥in contrast,those who hold the opposite view think that ______. ⑦they argued that ______.
⑧as far as i am concerned, i agree with ____. ⑨admittedly,______. ⑩furthermore, ______. (11)finally, ____. (12)in conclusion, ______.
模板四：
①there is a pair of opposite ideas on ______. ②some people consider that_____.③however, others hold the opposite view that_______.
④some people would say that ______. ⑤they hold this view because ______. ⑥in contrast,others believe that _____. ⑦they argue that_____________.
⑧as to me, i amin favor of_____. ⑨first(ly), ______. ⑩second(ly),______. (11) the most important of all,______. (12)in a word, ______.
2.社会抢手论题谈论：
一般方法为：表象概述－细节（缘由、损害、方法等）－自我谈论
缘由模板一：
①it is true that________. ②nowadays, ________. ③what impresses us most is ______. ④of course, ________.
⑤there is also a growing concern over ______. ⑥the main reason for this is _________.⑦what is more, ________. ⑧as a result,________.
⑨considering all these reasons, personally, _______. ⑩on the one hand, ______.(11)on the other hand, ______. (12)in a word, ______.
缘由模板二：
①nowadays, wherever you go, _______. ②as is known to all, _____. ③in a word, ______.
④there are plenty of contributing causes among which, the following ones are particularly worth mentioning. ⑤first, ______. ⑥second, _____. ⑦and consequently, _

___.⑧and finally,_____.
⑨in fact, ______in the long run. ⑩besides, ____. (11)and what’s more, ____.
(12) therefore, let’s remember that ______.
损害类：首要提出一种广泛表象，并指出其损害性很大。阐明其损害后阐明自个的情绪，即消除损害性的做法。
my view on the negative effects of some falseadvertisement
1. 如今有些不良的商业广告
2. 这些广告的副作用和损害性
3. 我对这些广告的情绪
第一段引入某种有害事物:
nowadays every one of us may come across ————now and then (偶尔). these————are most harmful to the whole society.
第二段分三方面阐明其损害性:
for my part / from my own perspective (替换in my opinion), their harmfulness can be summarized in the following respects. in the first place,————in the second place, ———— last but not least, .
第三段阐明自个的情绪，即消除损害性的做法:
in my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these————. on one hand, the government should———— on the other hand, common citizens should ———— only by the joint effects of the government and the common characters can we (only用在句首引导状语时，主句有些倒装) do away with (扔掉，去掉) .
处置办法模板一：
①with the development/improvement/
reform/opening of…in recent years, ______. ②so it is of great importance for us to _______. ③on the one hand, ______. ④on the other hand, ______.
⑤however, what really matters is ______. ⑥firstly, _____. ⑦so long as_______.⑧secondly, ____. ⑨thirdly, _____. ⑩lastly, ______.⑾in fact,______. ⑿in a word, ______.
处置办法模板二：
in recent days, we have to face the problem—–a, which is becoming more and more serious. first, ————(阐明ａ的现状)．second,—————(举例进一步阐明现状)
confronted with a, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.for one thing, —————(处置办法一).for another ————-(处置办法二).finally, ————–(处置办法三)
personally, i believe that ————-(我的处置办法).consequently, i’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because————–(带来的优点).
二、 第二种题型（图表题）
一般方法为：描绘图表－说明缘由－自我谈论
as can be clearly seen fromthe graph/table/chart (as is shown in the table/figure), great changed havetaken place in_______, the _________ have/has skyrocketed/jumped from _____ to_____.
when it comes to the reasons for the changes, different people give different explanations. here i shall just give a few. to begin with, ______what’s more,___________, last but not least, ________.
while it is desirable that ___________, there are still some problems and difficulties for __________ firstly, __________ ,in addition,__________ ,in a word, __________ .
三、 第三种题型（函件题）
1．批判、诉苦、投诉信
模板一：
dear sir/ madam:
①my name is _______.②i am a ______.③i venture towrite a letter to you about ______.④the focus ofthe complaint is ______. ⑤for one thing, _______. ⑥for another, ________.
⑦honestly speaking, ______. ⑧but _______. ⑨besides, _______. ⑩all in all, there is still much room for improvement as far as ______ is concerned. (11)i do hope _______.
(12)thank you for your consideration.
sincerely yours,
模板二：
dear sir/ madam:
①i am _______. ②on behalf of _______, i _______. ③i am writing to you to _______. ④the main problem involves ______.⑤on the one hand, ______. ⑥on the other hand, _______.
⑦to tell you thetruth, _______. ⑧however, ______.⑨in addition, _______. ⑩if ______.(11) finally, we are looking forward to your quick dealing with the matter.
(12)thank you for your kind consideration.
sincerely yours,
2．主张信
模板一：
①dear ______:
i have received your letter saying that______. ②your letter gives me much pleasure and _____. ③i recommend that ______. ④for one thing, _____. ⑤for another, ______.
⑥as to _____ , i think _____. ⑦then ______. ⑧in order to _____, isuggest ______. ⑨besides, i ______. ⑩so i believe _______.
(11)please sendme a letter telling me ____. (12)i am looking forward to seeing you.
yours,
模板二：
①dear _____:
i am delighted to learn that _____.②it is several years since _____. ③_____is your best choice, i think. ④on the one hand, _____. ⑤on the other hand, _____.
⑥speaking of ______ , the following is what i suggest ______. ⑦if ____. ⑧there is no need for you to ______. ⑨in addition,_____. ⑩i am sure ______.
(11) just write to me ____, (12)i am looking forward to seeing you soon.
yours,
四、第四种题型（谚语格言题）
文章标题为一句格言或谚语，一般方法为：说明谚语－举例证明－弄巧成拙
１.论说名言或主题所蕴涵的意义。
２.分析偏重例使其更充分。
the good old proverb —————-（名言或谚语）reminds us that —————-(释义).indeed, we can learn many things form it.
first of all,—————–(理由一).for example, ——————-(举例阐明). secondly,—————-(理由二). another case is that —————(举例阐明). furthermore , ——————(理由三)．
in my opinion,—————-(我的观念).in short, whatever you do, please remember the say——a. if you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
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